@inbook {982, title = {Dry season strategies of two Panamanian butterfly species, Anartia fatima (Nymphalinae) and Pierella luna luna (Satyrinae) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae).}, booktitle = {Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica: Selected Studies.}, year = {1992}, month = {1992///}, pages = {573 - 575}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, organization = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, keywords = {BUTTERFLIES, insect, INSECTS, LEPIDOPTERA, NYMPHALIDAE, Panama}, author = {Aiello,A.}, editor = {Quintero Arias,D. and Aiello,A.} } @article {1115, title = {Restructuring of Lepidoptera communities by introduced Vespula wasps in a New Zealand beech forest}, journal = {Oecologia}, volume = {119}, year = {1999}, note = {Journal English Article SPRINGER VERLAG 3 JUN 210WU NEW YORK Beggs JR Landcare Res, Private Bag 6, Nelson, New Zealand OECOLOGIA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA}, month = {1999///}, pages = {565 - 571}, abstract = {Introduced social wasps (Vespula vulgaris) reach high densities in some New Zealand beech forests, because honeydew provides an abundant high-energy food source. We manipulated wasp density to estimate an "ecological damage threshold" for large, free- living Lepidoptera larvae. There will be a continuum of ecological damage thresholds for wasp density depending on the prey species or habitat. Experimentally placed small caterpillars had a significantly higher survival rate than large caterpillars, and the survival rate of both groups decreased with increasing wasp density. Spring-occurring caterpillars have a probability of surviving of 0.90-0.95, assuming wasps are the only source of mortality. However, at the peak of the wasp season we predict caterpillars would have virtually no chance (probability of 10(-78) to 10(-40)) of surviving to adults. Wasp abundance must be reduced by at least 88\% to conserve the more vulnerable species of free-living caterpillars at wasp densities similar to those observed in our study sites. This equates to a damage threshold of 2.7 wasps per Malaise trap per day. It was exceeded for about 5 months of the year in non-poisoned sites. There are currently no biological or chemical control techniques available in New Zealand that will reduce wasp abundance below this damage threshold throughout the year. Our models show that most Lepidoptera with spring caterpillars will be able to persist, but species with caterpillars occurring in the peak wasp season will be eliminated}, keywords = {ABUNDANCE, BRACKEN, COMMUNITIES, COMMUNITY, DAMAGE, ecological impact, EXTRAFLORAL NECTARIES, HYMENOPTERA, INSECTS, larvae, LEPIDOPTERA, MORTALITY, phenology, POPULATIONS, predation, PREY, shared predator, SPHECOPHAGA-VESPARUM-VESPARUM, VESPIDAE, Vespula, VULGARIS, ZEALAND BEECH FOREST}, isbn = {0029-8549}, url = {ISI:000081128300012}, author = {Beggs,J.R. and Rees,J.S.} } @article {1268, title = {Notes on the natural history of Eantis thraso (Hesperiidae: Pyrginae) in Ecuador}, journal = {Journal of the Lepidopterists{\textquoteright} Society}, volume = {57}, year = {2003}, pages = {43-46}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and A. D. Warren} } @article {1260, title = {Shelter building in the Hesperiidae: a classification scheme for larval shelters}, journal = {Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera}, volume = {37}, year = {2003}, pages = {27-36}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and M. Jones} } @article {1265, title = {The emergence of parasitic flies from adult Actinote diceus in Ecuador}, journal = {Journal of the Lepidopterist{\textquoteright}s Society}, volume = {55}, year = {2002}, pages = {79-80}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and Stireman, J. O., III} } @article {1258, title = {Descriptions of the immature stages and oviposition behavior of Pyrrhogyra otolais (Nymphalidae)}, journal = {Journal of the Lepidopterists{\textquoteright} Society}, volume = {54}, year = {2001}, pages = {88-90}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and N. Gerardo} } @article {1269, title = {Natural history and shelter building behavior of Noctuana haematospila (Hesperiidae) in Ecuador}, journal = {Journal of the Lepidopterists{\textquoteright} Society}, volume = {59}, year = {2004}, pages = {6-9}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and A. D. Warren} } @article {1264, title = {Comments on the natural history and larval shelter construction of Urbanus proteus Linn. (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Pyrginae) in southern Florida}, journal = {Journal of the Lepidopterists{\textquoteright} Society}, volume = {62}, year = {2008}, pages = {1008-1010}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and K. S. Sheldon} } @article {1262, title = {The early stages of Pedaliodes poesia in eastern Ecuador (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Pronophilina)}, journal = {Journal of Insect Science}, volume = {9}, number = {34}, year = {2009}, pages = {1-9}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and T. W. Pyrcz and P. J. DeVries and Dyer,L.A.} } @article {1259, title = {The early stages of Veladyris pardalis in eastern Ecuador (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Ithomiinae)}, journal = {Journal of Insect Science}, volume = {9}, number = {31}, year = {2009}, pages = {1-6}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and R. I. Hill and W. R. Simba{\~n}a and G. L. Gentry} } @article {1270, title = {The natural history and shelter building behavior of Falga jeconia ombra Evans, 1955 in eastern Ecuador (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae)}, journal = {Journal of Insect Science}, volume = {9}, number = {29}, year = {2009}, pages = {1-10}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and A. D. Warren} } @article {1252, title = {The natural history and shelter building behavior of Vettius coryna coryna Hewitson, 1866 in eastern Ecuador (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae)}, journal = {Journal of Insect Science}, volume = {9}, number = {28}, year = {2009}, pages = {1-9}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and A. D. Warren. .} } @article {5694, title = {A new species of solitary Meteorus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) reared from caterpillars of toxic butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Ecuador}, journal = {Journal of Insect Science}, volume = {9}, year = {2009}, pages = {1-8}, url = {insectscience.org/9.34}, author = {Shaw,S.R. and Jones, G Z} } @article {1251, title = {A revised classification scheme for larval hesperiid shelters, with comments on shelter diversity in the Pyrginae}, journal = {Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera}, volume = {41}, year = {2009}, pages = {53-59}, keywords = {larva, shelter}, author = {Greeney, H. F.} } @article {1263, title = {The early stages and natural history of Corades medeba Hewitson, 1850 in eastern Ecuador (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Pronophilina)}, journal = {Tropical Lepidoptera Research}, volume = {19}, year = {2010}, pages = {10-15}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and T. W. Pyrcz and Dyer,L.A. and M. Sanchez-Z. and T. R. Walla} } @article {1256, title = {Early stages and natural history of Perisama oppelii (Latreille, 1811) (Nymphalidae, Lepidoptera) in eastern Ecuador}, journal = {Kempffiana}, volume = {6}, year = {2010}, pages = {16-30}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and Dyer,L.A. and P. J. DeVries and T. R. Walla and L. Salazar-V. and W. Simba{\~n}a and L. Salgaje} } @article {1261, title = {Possible function of the spatulate setae surrounding the papillae anales of Sarota butterflies (Riodinidae: Helicopini)}, journal = {Journal of the Lepidopterist{\textquoteright}s Society}, volume = {64}, year = {2010}, pages = {216-217}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and C. M. Penz and P. J. DeVries and T. R. Walla} } @article {1266, title = {Shelter building behavior of Pyrrhopyge papius (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) and the use of the Mayfield method for estimating survivorship of shelter-building lepidopteran larvae}, journal = {Zoologia}, volume = {27}, number = {6}, year = {2010}, note = {Hesperiidae}, pages = {867-872}, keywords = {larva, Parasitism, predation, shelter}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and T. R. Walla and J. Jahner and R. Berger} } @article {1255, title = {The early stages and natural history of Antirrhea adoptiva porphyrosticta (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Morphinae) in eastern Ecuador}, journal = {Journal of Insect Science}, volume = {9}, number = {26}, year = {2009}, pages = {1-10}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and P. J. DeVries and C. M. Penz and R. B. Granizo-T. and H. Connahs and Stireman, J. O., III and T. R. Walla and Dyer,L.A.} } @article {1257, title = {First description of the early stage biology for the genus Mygona: the natural history of Mygona irmina Doubleday, 1849 in eastern Ecuador}, journal = {Journal of Insect Science}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, year = {2011}, pages = {1-11}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and Dyer,L.A. and T. W. Pyrcz} } @article {1272, title = {Natural history of Eryphanis greeneyi (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) and its enemies, with a description of a new species of braconid parasitoid and notes on its tachinid parasitoid}, journal = {Annals of the Entomological Society of America}, volume = {104}, year = {2011}, pages = {1078-1090}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and J. Whitfield and Stireman, J. O., III and C. M. Penz and Dyer,L.A.} } @article {1271, title = {The natural history, immature stages, and shelter building behavior of Dion carmenta Hewitson, 1870 in eastern Ecuador (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae)}, journal = {Annals of the Entomological Society of America}, volume = {104}, year = {2011}, pages = {1128-1134}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and A. D. Warren} } @article {1267, title = {Architectural changes in larval leaf shelters of Noctuana haematospila (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) between host plant species with different leaf thicknesses}, journal = {Zoologia}, volume = {27}, year = {2010}, note = {Hesperiidae}, pages = {65-69}, keywords = {larva, shelter}, author = {Greeney, H. F. and T. R. Walla and R. L. Lynch} }